Eugenol is widely used for different illnesses including CNS disorders. Recently Eugenol containing drugs has been reported to prevent amyloid beta induced memory impairment in rodents. However, the influence of alone Eugenol on cholinergic system has not been explored so far. Therefore, present study was designed to investigate effect of Eugenol on memory, smell recognition, oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in scopolamine induced memory impairment model. Rats were orally treated with Eugenol for ten days. Scopolamine was administered 5 min prior to acquisition trial and memory function was evaluated by passive avoidance test and Elevated plus-maze model and smell impairment was evaluated by smell sensation screening model. Oxidative stress parameters were estimated in rat’s brain at the end of behavioral studies. Further, effect of Eugenol and its fractions (40-80 μg/ml) on AChE activity was measured in vitro. Scopolamine caused memory impairment increased AChE activity and oxidative stress in rat’s brain. Eugenol significantly improved memory by showing significant positive results on behavioral models. However, AChE activity had not shown significant effect. Further, increased oxidative stress activity following scopolamine was significantly attenuated by Eugenol and its fractions. These observations suggest that Eugenol may be useful in memory impairment due to its effect on AChE and oxidative stress.
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